The history of the operating system

Nothing can be done on a computer without an operating system. As the interface that the user can communicate with the machine control and manage all functions and resources of the computer, nothing could be more important.

old mainframe systems, often developed by IBM System/360 used. OS/360 pioneer a number of terms that can be seen in some modern operating systems and applications written for the 360 are still used on modern machines. AConcept that was unique to the system, the fact that once a program was launched, would the system overview of all available means, including storage, locks, data files and maintain so on. If the process is complete, the resources were all released from the system.

Designed for batch processing, Control Data Corporation, the SCOPE system (in 1960) and the Kronos and NOS systems then in the 70s. They were the descendants of the archaic system BASIC, the beginning of the offerProgress in the timeshare and programming languages. next logical step was the Control Data Plato (in collaboration with the University of Illinois). Plato plasma screens and long distance networks, and was innovative as advances in real-time chat and multiplayer games.

Another operating system was an early Burroughs MCP system ', written in a language (ESPOL). MCP (1961) provided the first working example of virtual memory. MCP is actually still in useToday Unisys ClearPath line of computers.

The large front-end investment for the first computer made it necessary to continue to develop compatible operating systems, which partly explains why some of these old mainframe operating systems are still in use.

A first "microcomputer" was the disk based on CP / M, which was modeled for MS-DOS, the modern operating system for IBM PC. IBM's main competition came in 1980 was, of course, the Apple Macintosh and Mac computers. ByIntroduction of the Intel 386 PCs were soon able to multi-tasking, something that is not used to huge mainframe machines to be limited. The chip is 32-bit architecture, paving the way for the operating system Microsoft developed for Windows NT and Apple Mac OSX. Over time, the next system, which created Linux, a derivative of Unix systems and would Minix. Linux is the door to a whole Open Source Revolution open as it was distributed free to users, such as FreeBSD,NetBSD and OpenBSD. This progress would be what we know and take for granted in developing modern computer systems.

Today, the dominant Microsoft Windows OS is still a substantial part of the market for business computers, but each of the modern systems has its strengths and weaknesses. But, regardless of operating system, all tasks of the same address:

Memory management or
or dual-mode operation (Supervisor Mode and Protected Mode)
Or virtual memory
O process
Or the kernelpreemption
and Managing Files
The device driver or
O Security
O network
or file system support